4 Types of Carbon Steel
25th Oct 2022

Low-carbon steel is one of the most common types of carbon steel. This steel is inexpensive and contains only 0.05 to 0.25% carbon, making it an excellent solution for many applications. It has a malleable, strong surface and is not easily tempered. It can be further strengthened by carburizing. Low-carbon steel is also called mild steel. It is very durable and strong and is the most common form of carbon steel.
  • Low Carbon Steel
Low-carbon steel is composed primarily of ferrite, a solid solution phase of carbon dissolved in alpha-iron. It is the softest phase of steel and is responsible for its high machinability. As the carbon content increases, pearlite is formed, a phase consisting of alternate layers of ferrite and iron carbide. High-carbon steel has a pearlitic matrix embedded in a cementite network and has lower machinability. Low-carbon steels are used for many types of applications. They are good candidates for applications requiring high wear resistance, including small shafts, plunges, and highly loaded gearing. In addition, they are cost-effective and offer excellent energy absorption and corrosion resistance. If the carbon content is too high for the application, additional alloying elements can be added, including silicon.
  • Medium Carbon Steel
Medium carbon steel is a type of steel that is used in a variety of construction applications. Because of its high tensile strength and malleability, it is the preferred choice for many types of steel construction. This type of steel is also commonly used in the manufacture of axle shafts and crankshafts. In addition to these, it is also used for the manufacture of gear system components, such as gearing plates. The most common method of heat treatment for medium carbon steel is quenching and tempering. In this process, the steel is heated to a temperature of around 1,333degF and rapidly cooled down in a liquid state. This allows manufacturers to control the final properties of the steel. The result is a high-quality, well-sealed, and corrosion-resistant metal. Medium carbon steels contain 0.30% to 0.6% carbon and can be quenched and tempered for additional strength and wear resistance.
  • High Carbon Steel
High-carbon steel is defined as steel that contains between 0.05 and 2.1 percent carbon content, according to the American Iron and Steel Institute. It has high strength and hardness, as well as high resistance to corrosion. The material is an excellent choice for many applications. It's also a cost-effective choice for building components. High-carbon steel is used to build many types of household and industrial equipment. These materials are strong and can withstand heat, but they are difficult to weld and can develop porosity. They are also used in appliances, including airplane parts, automobile parts, and appliances. High-carbon steel is also known as tool steel. The carbon content is usually between 0.60 and 1.00%.
  • Very High Carbon Steel
Very High Carbon Steel is a steel that contains a high carbon content and is useful in manufacturing tools such as knives and hand tools. This type of steel is more brittle than mild steel and has a hardness level of 0.60 to 1.00%. It is also more expensive than other steel types and is used for applications that require sharp edges. High-carbon steel has similar properties to iron but is less ductile, less weldable, and has less resistance to heat. High-carbon steels have lower ductility than low-carbon steels and are often more difficult to machine and weld. In addition, the carbon content in this steel makes it brittle, which means it is more likely to break or shatter.
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